Chapter 5: Mental, Behavioral and Neurodevelopmental Disorders (F01 – F99)
Comprehensive ICD-10-CM coding guidelines with scenario examples for mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders
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Section A
Pain Disorders Related to Psychological Factors
Assign code F45.41, for pain that is exclusively related to psychological disorders. As indicated by the Excludes 1 note under category G89, a code from category G89 should not be assigned with code F45.41.
Code F45.42, Pain disorders with related psychological factors, should be used with a code from category G89, Pain, not elsewhere classified, if there is documentation of a psychological component for a patient with acute or chronic pain. See Section I.C.6. Pain
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Section B
Mental and Behavioral Disorders Due to Psychoactive Substance Use
1. In Remission
Selection of codes describing "in remission" for categories F10-F19, Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use (categories F10-F19 with -.11, -.21, -.91) requires the provider's clinical judgment and are assigned only on the basis of provider documentation (as defined in the Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting), unless otherwise instructed by the classification.
Mild substance use disorders in early or sustained remission are classified to the appropriate codes for substance abuse in remission, and moderate or severe substance use disorders in early or sustained remission are classified to the appropriate codes for substance dependence in remission.
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2. Psychoactive Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
When the provider documentation refers to use, abuse and dependence of the same substance (e.g. alcohol, opioid, cannabis, etc.), only one code should be assigned to identify the pattern of use based on the following hierarchy:
01
Use and Abuse
If both use and abuse are documented, assign only the code for abuse
02
Abuse and Dependence
If both abuse and dependence are documented, assign only the code for dependence
03
Use, Abuse and Dependence
If use, abuse and dependence are all documented, assign only the code for dependence
04
Use and Dependence
If both use and dependence are documented, assign only the code for dependence
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3. Psychoactive Substance Use, Unspecified
As with all other unspecified diagnoses, the codes for unspecified psychoactive substance use (F10.9-, F11.9-, F12.9-, F13.9-, F14.9-, F15.9-, F16.9-, F18.9-, F19.9-) should only be assigned based on provider documentation and when they meet the definition of a reportable diagnosis (see Section III, Reporting Additional Diagnoses).
4. Medical Conditions Due to Psychoactive Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence
Medical conditions due to substance use, abuse, and dependence are not classified as substance-induced disorders. Assign the diagnosis code for the medical condition as directed by the Alphabetical Index along with the appropriate psychoactive substance use, abuse or dependence code.
For example: for alcoholic pancreatitis due to alcohol dependence, assign the appropriate code from subcategory K85.2, Alcohol induced acute pancreatitis, and the appropriate code from subcategory F10.2, such as code F10.20, Alcohol dependence, uncomplicated. It would not be appropriate to assign code F10.288, Alcohol dependence with other alcohol-induced disorder.
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5. Blood Alcohol Level
A code from category Y90, Evidence of alcohol involvement determined by blood alcohol level, may be assigned when this information is documented and the patient's provider has documented a condition classifiable to category F10, Alcohol related disorders.
The blood alcohol level does not need to be documented by the patient's provider in order for it to be coded. See Section I.B.14. for blood alcohol level documentation by clinicians other than patient's provider.
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Section C
Factitious Disorder
Factitious Disorder Imposed on Self
Factitious disorder imposed on self or Munchausen's syndrome is a disorder in which a person falsely reports or causes his or her own physical or psychological signs or symptoms.
For patients with documented factitious disorder on self or Munchausen's syndrome, assign the appropriate code from subcategory F68.1-, Factitious disorder imposed on self.
Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another
Munchausen's syndrome by proxy (MSBP) is a disorder in which a caregiver (perpetrator) falsely reports or causes an illness or injury in another person (victim) under his or her care, such as a child, an elderly adult, or a person who has a disability.
The condition is also referred to as "factitious disorder imposed on another" or "factitious disorder by proxy." The perpetrator, not the victim, receives this diagnosis.
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Section D
Dementia
The ICD-10-CM classifies dementia (categories F01, F02, and F03) on the basis of the etiology and severity (unspecified, mild, moderate or severe).
Selection of the appropriate severity level requires the provider's clinical judgment and codes should be assigned only on the basis of provider documentation (as defined in the Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting), unless otherwise instructed by the classification.
Unspecified Severity
If the documentation does not provide information about the severity of the dementia, assign the appropriate code for unspecified severity.
Progressive Severity
If a patient is admitted to an inpatient acute care hospital or other inpatient facility setting with dementia at one severity level and it progresses to a higher severity level, assign one code for the highest severity level reported during the stay.
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5 Scenario Examples for ICD-10-CM Chapter 5 Guidelines
Scenario 1: Pain Disorder
A 35-year-old patient presents with chronic back pain. After thorough evaluation, the provider documents that the pain is exclusively related to psychological factors with no physical cause identified.
Correct Coding: F45.41 (Pain disorder exclusively related to psychological factors)
Scenario 2: Substance Use Hierarchy
A patient's chart documents "alcohol use" and "alcohol abuse" during the same encounter.
Correct Coding: Assign only the code for alcohol abuse (F10.1-) based on the hierarchy guidelines. Do not code both use and abuse.
Scenario 3: Alcoholic Pancreatitis
A 48-year-old patient is admitted with acute alcoholic pancreatitis. The provider documents alcohol dependence, uncomplicated.
Correct Coding: K85.2- (Alcohol induced acute pancreatitis) AND F10.20 (Alcohol dependence, uncomplicated). Do NOT use F10.288.
Scenario 4: Dementia Progression
A patient is admitted with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. During the hospital stay, the dementia progresses to moderate severity as documented by the provider.
Correct Coding: Assign the code for moderate severity dementia (the highest level documented during the stay).
Scenario 5: Munchausen by Proxy
A mother brings her 6-year-old child to the hospital repeatedly with fabricated symptoms. Investigation reveals the mother has been causing the child's illness. The provider documents factitious disorder imposed on another.
Correct Coding: Mother's record: F68.A (Factitious disorder imposed on another). Child's record: T74.- (Confirmed child maltreatment)
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